Greatest I am wrote: ↑Mon Mar 02, 2020 3:22 pm
Your last does not surprise me. You do not want to recognize that all you have is liberty and no freedom.
No -- it's actually true. My country does not have a Statue of Liberty. I'm not an American.
I did not indicate that all our rules are opposite to freedom, but if you have to follow them, then you are not free of them, thus have no real freedom. You are just free to follow the rules, which is not freedom.
This is, in one sense, partially correct, but ends up being all the more wrong in its conclusion. For it is true you cannot be "free of all rules": no person who ever lived has been. At the same time, it is wrong to imagine that following rules is the opposite of freedom. For there are many cases in which having some rules to follow makes one
more free, not less.
Go back to your Hobbesian "state of nature."
Nature is not our friend. If you think it is, go and live outside for a few days, with nothing but your skin, and see how you feel.
Nature is that which tries to kill us every minute of every day. Most of human history has involved a brutal struggle against nature. And while I am personally trained in survival, and no doubt could outlast you in a real "state of nature" by a long, long time, and perhaps indefinitely, even I would not want to live in a "state of nature" on a continual basis. Eventually, nature would kill even me. I suspect it would get you, if you are like most people, within two or three days. And I'm guessing it would be exposure or hypothermia that would kill you fastest.
Now, imagine yourself in the state of nature. You live alone, unfettered by any association with other people. Yet, because of this, you are of all men the LEAST free. Why? Because nature itself imposes terrible, crushing burdens on you every day. You have to grow all your own corn; you must raise all your own beef or chicken. You must bake your own bread. You must fetch your own water. You must catch all your own fish. You must make your own wine and beer. You must create all your own tools, weave your own cloth, acquire all that you possess, then defend all of that against any marauders and against decay, corruption and decline. You are, from morning to night, engaged in demanding tasks of which there are far too many. And you die young, because of the hardness of your existence.
Moreover, you shall not even reproduce. For without at least one other person, you shall not be capable. Because of your "freedom," there shall be no more people.
This is how antithetical your conception of "freedom" is to nature, to life, and to any genuine freedom.
So you band together with a few others. And immediately, they put a strict rule upon you: you shall raise beef. You might say, "Hey, that's a demand...I'm no longer free!" But you are wrong. For among those others with whom you have banded is one who is strong, who will defend the boundaries while you tend cattle. Another will bake your bread. Another will weave your cloth. Another will brew your beer...
So, by taking one rule upon yourself, you have been freed from a thousand other necessities. You now only have to concern yourself with your cattle; all else shall be done for you, and you will be able to trade from your herd to acquire all that you need. And now, since you are married, you can reproduce, and your children can also work with you, and eventually, you may not even have to work at all.
So by accepting a little curtailing of freedom, you have become a much freer person than the man in the mythical "state of nature" by himself. Laws have, for you, not become a source of enslavement but the opportunity for you to gain much more freedom. You have many, many more choices, options and alternatives than the person outside of society. And you have leisure time -- which a man alone never has at all. You even have time to think.
This is what I find so pathetically insufficient about the allegation that freedom and rules are opposites. They are not. Absence of rules is anomie -- or, if you prefer the word, that horrible "state of nature" in which necessity forces every decision to be exactly what it has to be for survival, and you have no freedom at all. But a limited set of rules is actually a grounds for much greater freedom and choice than any "state of nature" can ever offer.
Modern Western people are actually more free than human beings have ever been at any time in history, or may ever be again, for all we know. So what are we complaining about?