The notion that there is some "programmed" drive to "facilitate the preservation of the species" is belied by history, biology and genetics. Are the Israelis driven to "preserve the species" when they slaughter Palestinians? How about the Germans in the Holocaust? How about male lions, who kill the lion cubs fathered by others when they take over a pride of lionesses?Veritas Aequitas wrote: ↑Sun Sep 14, 2025 8:05 amIt goes further than that.popeye1945 wrote: ↑Fri Sep 12, 2025 3:58 pm All fears are the fear of death, and any derivative can be linked back to the primary fear of death. Your thoughts?
Empirically, it is evident there is a biological teleonomic drive to preserve the species.
To do do, all living species [so human species] are 'programmed' [DNA wise] with the following;
- the drive for reproduction of the next generation
- the fear of death, very strongly within reproductive age, tapering pass that,
this two primal drives are to facilitate the preservation of the species.
The above is such that each individual carry the responsibility to ensure the survival of the species which is very forceful, tsunamic so to say within the individual's psychic.
This fear of death is fundamental and it is one of the force that drives all human activities from the subliminal level.
With self-awareness and so awareness of inevitable mortality there is a potential paralysis of life from this very powerful tsunamic force -the primal fear of death. Fortunately, humans are adapted with inhibitors to modulate this forceful fear of death. That is why we don't hear of everyone fearing death all the time but only at times and when triggered by thoughts or sight of death.
As with human nature, there are degrees to the effectiveness of the inhibitors to suppress the fear of death. Those who have severe damage or weak inhibitors end up with thanatophobia a mental illness that need psychiatric help.
Point is, all philosophical views of members here are subjected to the fear of death; with theists highly influenced by it thus needing salvation to soothe the pains from the fear of death. Philosophical realists clinging to an absolutely mind-independent reality are also highly affected by the forces of these primal fear of death.
Wokeism is another lot who are highly affected by the fear of death to the extent some will kill those who do not agree with them [nb: Charlie Kirk].
Those in the know [many philosophical anti-realists] of the above facts strive to improve the efficacy of their inhibitors, so that they can be modulated to improve their well-being optimally.
IN fact, members of a species compete most directly with each other for scarce resources. They eat the same food, farm the same land, and mate with the same potential parents. Because they are so alike, they compete more directly with members of their species than with members of any other. Hence a long history of violence.
In addition, genetic "success" is sometimes facilitated by death -- if you can save three of your siblings by an altruistic act that kills you, you will facilitate your genetic "success" more effectively than saving yourself and allowing them to die.
Also, the notion that animals are "programmed" by their genes is problematic. Nature vs. nurture is inevitably an unresolvable issue -- both are doubtless involved in behavior.