Is morality objective or subjective?

Should you think about your duty, or about the consequences of your actions? Or should you concentrate on becoming a good person?

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Immanuel Can
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Re: Is morality objective or subjective?

Post by Immanuel Can »

Harbal wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 3:55 pm I think the notion of morality being based on objective truth is irrational,
Then you aren't using the word "irrational" precisely. I think you mean to say, "Not true." But that's different from "irrational."

For a thing to be "rational," it has to rationalize with its own basic assumptions. In logic, we say that a conclusion must "follow from the premises." A claim can be untrue, and yet perfectly rational. For example:

All cats are dogs.
This is a siamese cat.
Therefore it is a dog.

That's not an "irrational" statement, but rather one that is wildly "untrue." It's actually 100% perfectly rational, in that the rational connections are precisely connected in the right way: it's just false, though. Premise one is manifestly false, and so is the conclusion.

But in order to detect the truth of a statement, it has to be rational first. If it is not even rational, we can dismiss it.

That's the case of subjective "morality." It doesn't even arise to meet the very first challenge of being coherent and rational.
but I didn't require that it be "eliminated" before I was prepared to say what I thought morality actually was.

Well, you insisted it was "subjective," but were completely unable or unwilling to explain how it could be rational. And I've done as much for you, so far: I've told you that I think morality is "objective," and when you asked for examples, I gave them.

But to see the rationality, we'd have to talk about the first premises of objective morality; and you've told me you won't talk about God anymore. So we're kind of hung up by your two contradictory wishes.
I suppose I could accept the existence of God hypothetically if that helps.
It would, actually: because it would at least allow me to speak about the first premise of objective morality.

And then, I can show the rationality it contains. (We can leave the truth question aside for the moment, so we don't entangle the two different types of criticism: and then you can criticize what you find worthy of criticism.)

So, accepting that I know you will not believe my first premise, I suggest we might look at objective morality this way:

God created all things.
Morality is a thing.
This entails that God also created morality.

The difficulty for you here is actually goint to be the word "thing." We're going to have to ask if being a "thing" can be met by merely being a sociological delusion, or whether we're only going to allow that "things" includes items that exist independently of imagination. I definitely mean to assert the latter, and you, as a subjectivist, would probably want to include sociological delusions in the term "thing" or "real."

But the important point, for the present, is made. Unlike the case of subjective morality, my claim for objective morality is rational, meaning it meets the test for rational validity, even if you insist it's not simultaneously actually true. Of course, it would be of little use for us to hold to a belief that was merely formally valid, but was also false -- as in the case of the cat-dog above. And for the moment, I happily concede that: I will have to show something by way of truth, as well as rationality.

However, we are now further than subjectivism can go: and that's at least one hurdle it has gotten past that subjectivism falls over. So far, so good.
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FlashDangerpants
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Re: Is morality objective or subjective?

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In the past I have been known to suggest that VA is less talented in the field of philosophy than mister Can. I now stand corrected.
Skepdick
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Re: Is morality objective or subjective?

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FlashDangerpants wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 6:27 pm In the past I have been known to suggest that VA is less talented in the field of philosophy than mister Can. I now stand corrected.
Why don't you unpack it with your therapist?

Then you can figure out where on the IC<-->VA continuum you rank.
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Harbal
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Re: Is morality objective or subjective?

Post by Harbal »

Immanuel Can wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 6:20 pm
Harbal wrote: I suppose I could accept the existence of God hypothetically if that helps.
It would, actually: because it would at least allow me to speak about the first premise of objective morality.
Okay, let's get this show on the road. 🙂
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Immanuel Can
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Re: Is morality objective or subjective?

Post by Immanuel Can »

Harbal wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 6:41 pm
Immanuel Can wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 6:20 pm
Harbal wrote: I suppose I could accept the existence of God hypothetically if that helps.
It would, actually: because it would at least allow me to speak about the first premise of objective morality.
Okay, let's get this show on the road. 🙂
I already started. You've got a first syllogism to work with.

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Harbal
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Re: Is morality objective or subjective?

Post by Harbal »

Immanuel Can wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 6:51 pm
Harbal wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 6:41 pm
Immanuel Can wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 6:20 pm It would, actually: because it would at least allow me to speak about the first premise of objective morality.
Okay, let's get this show on the road. 🙂
I already started. You've got a first syllogism to work with.

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Do you mean this:
All cats are dogs.
This is a siamese cat.
Therefore it is a dog.

That's not an "irrational" statement, but rather one that is wildly "untrue." It's actually 100% perfectly rational, in that the rational connections are precisely connected in the right way: it's just false, though. Premise one is manifestly false, and so is the conclusion.

But in order to detect the truth of a statement, it has to be rational first. If it is not even rational, we can dismiss it.

That's the case of subjective "morality." It doesn't even arise to meet the very first challenge of being coherent and rational.
Yes, I understand the problem with that syllogism. But you still seem to be dwelling on subjectivity, and I think, between us, we have said enough about it. So let's get on with the objective stuff. Ready when you are.
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Immanuel Can
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Re: Is morality objective or subjective?

Post by Immanuel Can »

Harbal wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 7:04 pm
Immanuel Can wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 6:51 pm
Harbal wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 6:41 pm

Okay, let's get this show on the road. 🙂
I already started. You've got a first syllogism to work with.

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Do you mean this:
All cats are dogs.
This is a siamese cat.
Therefore it is a dog.

That's not an "irrational" statement, but rather one that is wildly "untrue." It's actually 100% perfectly rational, in that the rational connections are precisely connected in the right way: it's just false, though. Premise one is manifestly false, and so is the conclusion.

But in order to detect the truth of a statement, it has to be rational first. If it is not even rational, we can dismiss it.

That's the case of subjective "morality." It doesn't even arise to meet the very first challenge of being coherent and rational.
Yes, I understand the problem with that syllogism. But you still seem to be dwelling on subjectivity, and I think, between us, we have said enough about it. So let's get on with the objective stuff. Ready when you are.
Look above. The OP asks us whether morality is objective or subjective. (The poster forgot moral nihilism, but we'll forgive him that, for the moment.)

But why should we not treat both of the headline possibilities with equal seriousness? Why should we exclude either from critique?

"Sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander," as they say. If subjectivism can be excused from meeting the basic standards of rationality, then how can we hold any view at all to higher standards? Are we going to let objectivism off the hook, if it says something irrational, and just say, "Well, here, we don't consider rationality an important criterion?" Is that moral philosophy? :shock:

So do we want to regard rationality as important, or do we want to dismiss it and believe irrational things?

Your call.
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Harbal
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Re: Is morality objective or subjective?

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Immanuel Can wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 7:17 pm
Look above. The OP asks us whether morality is objective or subjective. (The poster forgot moral nihilism, but we'll forgive him that, for the moment.)

But why should we not treat both of the headline possibilities with equal seriousness? Why should we exclude either from critique?
Exactly. You have subjected my viewpoint to copious critique, and now I am anxious that your view point gets an equal opportunity.
"Sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander," as they say.
Yes, and now that you have drenched my goose in your sauce, let's get that gander on the table.
If subjectivism can be excused from meeting the basic standards of rationality, then how can we hold any view at all to higher standards? Are we going to let objectivism off the hook, if it says something irrational, and just say, "Well, here, we don't consider rationality an important criterion?" Is that moral philosophy?
Your opinion on the lack of rationality of my position has been noted, and is on the record, but we can't come to a conclusion about the rationality of your position until you present it. Do you think that will ever happen?
So do we want to regard rationality as important, or do we want to dismiss it and believe irrational things?

Your call.
Yes, rationality is important, and you have dismissed my argument on the grounds of its not containing any. If you want to convince anyone that your argument is rational, may I suggest you start by presenting it?
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Re: Is morality objective or subjective?

Post by Peter Holmes »

Here's an argument.

P1 IC's team's god created everything.
P2 Evil / childhood cancer / undeserved suffering are things.
C Therefore, IC's team's god created evil / childhood cancer/ undeserved suffering.

Worship is the only rational response.
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Immanuel Can
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Re: Is morality objective or subjective?

Post by Immanuel Can »

Harbal wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 7:50 pm
Immanuel Can wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 7:17 pm
Look above. The OP asks us whether morality is objective or subjective. (The poster forgot moral nihilism, but we'll forgive him that, for the moment.)

But why should we not treat both of the headline possibilities with equal seriousness? Why should we exclude either from critique?
Exactly. You have subjected my viewpoint to copious critique, and now I am anxious that your view point gets an equal opportunity.
I've started. And I've showed that whereas objectivism passes the test of rationality, subjectivism simply cannot.
If subjectivism can be excused from meeting the basic standards of rationality, then how can we hold any view at all to higher standards? Are we going to let objectivism off the hook, if it says something irrational, and just say, "Well, here, we don't consider rationality an important criterion?" Is that moral philosophy?
Your opinion on the lack of rationality of my position has been noted,

It's not an opinion. It's a fact that a rational observer can work out for himself.
we can't come to a conclusion about the rationality of your position until you present it.
Already done. I've shown that its first syllogism is rational, and invited you to see that, so we can start addressing truth.
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Harbal
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Re: Is morality objective or subjective?

Post by Harbal »

Immanuel Can wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 8:21 pm
Harbal wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 7:50 pm
Immanuel Can wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 7:17 pm
Look above. The OP asks us whether morality is objective or subjective. (The poster forgot moral nihilism, but we'll forgive him that, for the moment.)

But why should we not treat both of the headline possibilities with equal seriousness? Why should we exclude either from critique?
Exactly. You have subjected my viewpoint to copious critique, and now I am anxious that your view point gets an equal opportunity.
I've started. And I've showed that whereas objectivism passes the test of rationality, subjectivism simply cannot.
If subjectivism can be excused from meeting the basic standards of rationality, then how can we hold any view at all to higher standards? Are we going to let objectivism off the hook, if it says something irrational, and just say, "Well, here, we don't consider rationality an important criterion?" Is that moral philosophy?
Your opinion on the lack of rationality of my position has been noted,

It's not an opinion. It's a fact that a rational observer can work out for himself.
we can't come to a conclusion about the rationality of your position until you present it.
Already done. I've shown that its first syllogism is rational, and invited you to see that, so we can start addressing truth.
Okay, tell us: What is morality, where does it come from and what is it for.
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iambiguous
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Re: Is morality objective or subjective?

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So is my experience of being thirsty...objective? Subjective? What?
We all experience being thirsty as individual subjects. Why? Because objectively/biologically over half of the human body is, on average, water. No water and we die.

On the other hand...

https://apnews.com/article/gaza-israel- ... 495c4dcd09

"Gaza normally gets its water supplies from a combination of sources, including a pipeline from Israel, desalination plants on the Mediterranean Sea and wells. Those supplies were slashed when Israel cut off water, along with the fuel and electricity that power water and sewage plants, in the wake of the Hamas attacks."

So, is this an example of an objectively immoral policy?
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Immanuel Can
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Re: Is morality objective or subjective?

Post by Immanuel Can »

Harbal wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 8:50 pm
Immanuel Can wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 8:21 pm
Harbal wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 7:50 pm
Exactly. You have subjected my viewpoint to copious critique, and now I am anxious that your view point gets an equal opportunity.
I've started. And I've showed that whereas objectivism passes the test of rationality, subjectivism simply cannot.
Your opinion on the lack of rationality of my position has been noted,

It's not an opinion. It's a fact that a rational observer can work out for himself.
we can't come to a conclusion about the rationality of your position until you present it.
Already done. I've shown that its first syllogism is rational, and invited you to see that, so we can start addressing truth.
Okay, tell us: What is morality, where does it come from and what is it for.
Morality is the rightness and wrongness of things. It comes from God. And it is for human instruction, so that we can understand the nature of God and learn to achieve the sorts of things for which He created us.

But I don't think that's actually all you want to ask about objectivism. It's too simple.
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Harbal
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Re: Is morality objective or subjective?

Post by Harbal »

Immanuel Can wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 9:07 pm
Harbal wrote: Mon Oct 23, 2023 8:50 pm
Okay, tell us: What is morality, where does it come from and what is it for.
Morality is the rightness and wrongness of things. It comes from God. And it is for human instruction, so that we can understand the nature of God and learn to achieve the sorts of things for which He created us.

But I don't think that's actually all you want to ask about objectivism. It's too simple.
Okay, I'd better think of something to ask you, or I will look rather silly after all the fuss I made. 🙂

Is there any measure of right and wrong other than God's say so? I mean; does morality -right and wrong- conform to any principles, or follow some sort of line of rationality, or is it simply a matter of what God says makes it so?
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iambiguous
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Re: Is morality objective or subjective?

Post by iambiguous »

It's certainly reasonable for us to eliminate the inherently irrational. Neither moral nihilism nor moral objectivism is inherently irrational. You may wish to say that you prefer to think neither is true, but it's not inherently obvious that neither can be.
Yes, I may well be missing the point here, but how can moral nihilism not be inherently irrational if Christian morality is...inherently rational? Or is the Christian God Himself not inherently rational?

And the problem with objective morality of course is that there are so many folks out there all claiming that their own spiritual or secular agenda is, in fact, the one and the only path to it. Your own, say?
However, moral subjectivism fails even the most basic tests of logic and definition. And we should surely eliminate the irrational before we go on to consider which rational alternative is at least possibly true.
This is true only if and when you are willing to agree with the definition and the meaning of these words as he does.

That's why he almost always keeps these discussions up in the philosophical clouds.

"Ethical subjectivism is the meta-ethical view which claims that: Ethical sentences express propositions. Some such propositions are true. The truth or falsity of such propositions is ineliminably dependent on the attitudes of people. This makes ethical subjectivism a form of cognitivism." wiki

Again, whatever that means given particular sets of circumstances given particular conflicting goods. Circumstances out in particular worlds understood in particular ways. Understood, in my view, from the perspective of dasein derived from the points I raise in the OP here: https://www.ilovephilosophy.com/viewtop ... 1&t=176529

And all I can do in regard to those who reject my own theoretical "world of words" there is to ask them to explain why. Each of us taking our philosophical assessments down out of the philosophical clouds as I did in regard to abortion in the OP here: https://www.ilovephilosophy.com/viewtop ... 1&t=194382
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