What could make morality objective?

Should you think about your duty, or about the consequences of your actions? Or should you concentrate on becoming a good person?

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Skepdick
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Re: What could make morality objective?

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Immanuel Can wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 2:28 pm Good heavens! :shock:

For once, I actually agree with you. Completely.

I wasn't even sure that was ever going to be possible...and Peter says there's no such thing as the miraculous! :wink:
Sure. My disagreement with you is of the other kind - epistemic, not ontological.

Is morality natural or super-natural? If it's super-natural and beyond human knowledge then you are as misguided as Peter. You aren't a nihilist, but you are a moral agnostic.

For all you know murder could be right according to your God.
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Immanuel Can
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Re: What could make morality objective?

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Skepdick wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 2:43 pm
Immanuel Can wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 2:28 pm Good heavens! :shock:

For once, I actually agree with you. Completely.

I wasn't even sure that was ever going to be possible...and Peter says there's no such thing as the miraculous! :wink:
Sure. My disagreement with you is of the other kind.

Is morality natural or super-natural.
Fair enough.

Well, if natural, then whatever "morality" may be, it is utterly perishable and unsubstantiatable. Even assuming "nature" itself has a moral opinion -- like, say, that only the fittest should survive and the weak should all die -- it's far from clear we ought to agree with that declaration of "nature," or aim to help it to achieve its dictates.

After all, humanity has spent its entire history trying to avoid "nature" killing us or making us unbearably miserable in the process of trying to kill us. It's got to be plenty clear that "nature," as such, has very little interest in our welfare. That, no one can doubt.
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RCSaunders
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Re: What could make morality objective?

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Skepdick wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 2:41 pm Can you even hear anybody else over the sound of how confused you are?

When you make up you brain whether minds exist or not - let us know.
I think everyone starts with the potential of having a mind, but many allow philosophy to confuse them into mistaking the brain for the mind, like you. At that point I believe they no longer have a mind, or at least, not one that functions properly.
Skepdick
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Re: What could make morality objective?

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Immanuel Can wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 2:50 pm Well, if natural, then whatever "morality" may be, it is utterly perishable and unsubstantiatable.
If super-natural, who are you to decide on "sustainability"? For anything super-natural is unknowable... it leads to agnosticism and undecidability.
Immanuel Can wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 2:50 pm Even assuming "nature" itself has a moral opinion -- like, say, that only the fittest should survive and the weak should all die -- it's far from clear we ought to agree with that declaration of "nature," or aim to help it to achieve its dictates.
Nature doesn't discriminate in such ways. Nature is trying to kill everybody and everything equally. It is us, humans that label the survivors "fit" a posteriori fitness.
Immanuel Can wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 2:50 pm After all, humanity has spent its entire history trying to avoid "nature" killing us or making us unbearably miserable in the process of trying to kill us. It's got to be plenty clear that "nature," as such, has very little interest in our welfare. That, no one can doubt.
Just as well. Because nature's very attempts to render us extinct us is what I dub "objective immorality".

If humanity wasn't trying to avoid an extinction event - the world wouldn't be on lockdown during COVID-19.
Last edited by Skepdick on Thu Apr 30, 2020 4:37 pm, edited 1 time in total.
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Re: What could make morality objective?

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RCSaunders wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 4:03 pm I think everyone starts with the potential of having a mind, but many allow philosophy to confuse them into mistaking the brain for the mind, like you. At that point I believe they no longer have a mind, or at least, not one that functions properly.
Lets not talk about others. Lets talk about you.

You used the word "mind" to make a specific point.
RCSaunders wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 12:34 pm values, and meaning only exist as the products of human minds.

Values, moral or any other kind, only exist epistemologically.
Your mind created this argument, no? It seems that you accept the ontological existence of your own mind.
If your mind exist (ontologically) then your epistemology exist too (also ontologically). There's no way out of this without special pleading.

Are you now trying to argue that your mind and/or epistemology don't have an ontological existence? Are you actually saying that you had the potential to have a properly-functioning mind, but you missed out on the opportunity?

If you insist - I will believe you.
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Immanuel Can
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Re: What could make morality objective?

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Skepdick wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 4:15 pm ...anything super-natural is unknowable... it leads to agnosticism and undecidability.
Totally right. Without God actually revealing something to us, we'd all have to be moral agnostics. We might "think" certain things might, in some unclear sense, "seem better," but we'd never know if our feelings were grounded in any facts.

Our moral intuitions might be just something like those "sneaking feelings" we get that "something is about to happen," or "someone is watching us," when in fact, nothing is going to happen or nobody's watching.

In short, they'd be nothing but feelings.
Nature is trying to kill everybody and everything equally.
It sure is.
It is us, humans that label the survivors "fit" a posteriori fitness.
You might be right. Some Evolutionists are going to say, "No, fitness is a function of physical advantage," or something like that. Maybe they have a case. But we could respond to the effect that "physical advantage" itself is at least in some cases something we interpret from the fact that an organism happened to survive, rather than a good explanation of the reason it did. Maybe that's also right.
Because nature's very attempts to render us extinct us is what I dub "objective immorality".
Well, we can "dub" it anything we want. It's not "objectively immoral" for us to be killed, in that case. It's just another contingent fact: everybody dies.
If humanity wasn't trying to avoid an extinction event - the world wouldn't be on lockdown during COVID-19.
Oh, I think that's only the latest evidence that we are trying to survive. You could make that case from everything civilization has tried to do since the dawn of time, actually.

But the fact that we are trying to survive doesn't imply our "trying" is moral. Or that it's "immoral" if we fail. It's really neither. So far as nature is concerned, it's just another thing nature happens to do.

But then, where is the morality in "nature"? Nature cares nothing for us. It is not even capable of "caring," let alone of having a moral view.
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Re: What could make morality objective?

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Immanuel Can wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 5:00 pm Totally right. Without God actually revealing something to us, we'd all have to be moral agnostics.
We might "think" certain things might, in some unclear sense, "seem better," but we'd never know if our feelings were grounded in any facts.
You have no way of knowing who revealed it to you. Maybe it was Satan - the tricky fucker - fooling you into thinking it was God.
Immanuel Can wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 5:00 pm In short, they'd be nothing but feelings.
Feelings are enough for a survival instinct.

Immanuel Can wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 5:00 pm You might be right. Some Evolutionists are going to say, "No, fitness is a function of physical advantage," or something like that. Maybe they have a case. But we could respond to the effect that "physical advantage" itself is at least in some cases something we interpret from the fact that an organism happened to survive, rather than a good explanation of the reason it did. Maybe that's also right.
Any strategy that keeps you from becoming extinct is an "advantage". Different strategies work - the ones that don't are self-correcting.
The ones that do are self-maximising.
Immanuel Can wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 5:00 pm Well, we can "dub" it anything we want. It's not "objectively immoral" for us to be killed, in that case. It's just another contingent fact: everybody dies.
Facts are asserted a posteriori. Who's asserting that "everybody died" ?

Immanuel Can wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 5:00 pm Oh, I think that's only the latest evidence that we are trying to survive. You could make that case from everything civilization has tried to do since the dawn of time, actually.
Naturally - that's the precautionary principle. It goes back 5000+ years. Lindy effect applies.

Immanuel Can wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 5:00 pm But the fact that we are trying to survive doesn't imply our "trying" is moral. Or that it's "immoral" if we fail. It's really neither. So far as nature is concerned, it's just another thing nature happens to do.

But then, where is the morality in "nature"? Nature cares nothing for us. It is not even capable of "caring," let alone of having a moral view.
The anthropic principle. Given some states of nature contain observers and some states of nature don't your very existence suggests you should prefer the former over the latter, and it also weakly suggests that nature prefers the former too.

Nature happens to create life, and then kill it.
Nature could've skipped all that effort and just be unfavourable to any and all life-forms.
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Re: What could make morality objective?

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Skepdick wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 4:19 pm
RCSaunders wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 4:03 pm I think everyone starts with the potential of having a mind, but many allow philosophy to confuse them into mistaking the brain for the mind, like you. At that point I believe they no longer have a mind, or at least, not one that functions properly.
Lets not talk about others. Lets talk about you.

You used the word "mind" to make a specific point.
RCSaunders wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 12:34 pm values, and meaning only exist as the products of human minds.

Values, moral or any other kind, only exist epistemologically.
Your mind created this argument, no? It seems that you accept the ontological existence of your own mind.
If your mind exist (ontologically) then your epistemology exist too (also ontologically). There's no way out of this without special pleading.

Are you now trying to argue that your mind and/or epistemology don't have an ontological existence? Are you actually saying that you had the potential to have a properly-functioning mind, but you missed out on the opportunity?

If you insist - I will believe you.
Say whatever you want, I have no interest in convincing you. Enjoy your sophistry!
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Re: What could make morality objective?

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RCSaunders wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 5:57 pm Say whatever you want, I have no interest in convincing you. Enjoy your sophistry!
Don't worry about me - convince yourself whether your mind exists or not then tell us.
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Re: What could make morality objective?

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Peter Holmes wrote: Wed Apr 29, 2020 5:14 pm We await your demonstration that morality is objective ...
Anything dictated by any agency, God or man, is certainly not objective, but a mandate or imposed obligation, so certainly not anythig that could be discovered by any objective means.

My question is about values, themselves, not moral values, if there are any such things.

Do you believe any values are objective?

Just so you know this is a sincere question. If one's objective is to travel from Chicago to Los Angeles, for example wouldn't using a map be a more valuable method than just driving willy-nilly and hoping you end up at the right destination? Wouldn't it be the facts of existence that determined using a map would be better than going by chance? Wouldn't that be an objective evaluation?

If I have a broken arm I could just wait and see how it heals or I could see a doctor and have the break set and a cast put on to make sure it heals correctly. [I know two women who actually did the former and were never able to use those arms again.] Wouldn't seeing a doctor be an objectively more valuable course of action determined by the facts?

Here's the question in terms of principles. For any objective, it is the facts of reality that will determine which actions will achieve the objective (have a positive value), and which will not (have a negative value). Wouldn't those values be determined objectively from the facts of reality?
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Re: What could make morality objective?

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RCSaunders wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 6:30 pm
Peter Holmes wrote: Wed Apr 29, 2020 5:14 pm We await your demonstration that morality is objective ...
Anything dictated by any agency, God or man, is certainly not objective, but a mandate or imposed obligation, so certainly not anythig that could be discovered by any objective means.
If there's a threat to your life and you try to avoid harm/injury/death - the objective demonstration is complete.
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Immanuel Can
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Re: What could make morality objective?

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Skepdick wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 5:12 pm
Immanuel Can wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 5:00 pm Totally right. Without God actually revealing something to us, we'd all have to be moral agnostics.
We might "think" certain things might, in some unclear sense, "seem better," but we'd never know if our feelings were grounded in any facts.
You have no way of knowing who revealed it to you.
You might think so. And it's quite true, as Bob Dylan so poignantly wrote, that "You're Gonna Have to Serve Somebody." There are good and bad reasons for choosing the voice you listen to. One must be prudent, to be sure.

However, one option is very bad from all sides: that is, the option of deluding oneself that one is self-sufficient, and can get by without choosing any "team". For this much is certain: we did not bring ourselves into this world, and will not have any say about whether or not we go out of it, and when. In the meanwhile, we have precious little say over the circumstances in the middle, too. Whatever is going on here, it is not us, the solipsistic individual, who is determining what is going on...and what it all means, if anything.

We are not gods. We are not, ourselves, independent determiners of "the Good." We are nowhere near that big. No sane person would think we are, which is yet another reason why, as you point out, moral subjectivism is such an absurdity.
Immanuel Can wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 5:00 pm In short, they'd be nothing but feelings.
Feelings are enough for a survival instinct.
That may be. But they are not enough to tell us whether that "instinct" is moral. It could easily be selfish only. And it certainly gives us no warrant for knowing that the survival of any other particular individual is of concern to us.
Any strategy that keeps you from becoming extinct is an "advantage". Different strategies work - the ones that don't are self-correcting.
The ones that do are self-maximising.
Perhaps so: but none of this has to do with the moral. It only has to do with survival, and of one's own in particular.
Who's asserting that "everybody died" ?
I wrote "everybody dies," not "everybody died."

The mortality rate in the human race is 100%, so far. Everybody dies.
Given some states of nature contain observers and some states of nature don't your very existence suggests you should prefer the former over the latter,

This isn't at all obvious. Why should one not prefer a situation with few or only one "survivor," especially if that means more cheese for everybody? Rather, survival of the fittest suggests it's actually good that many die, and a few triumph.

Well, until they become the weak, which they inevitably do, and then they are the ones to die -- Devil take the hindmost.
Nature happens to create life, and then kill it.
Nature could've skipped all that effort and just be unfavourable to any and all life-forms.
If that's true, then the fact that any survive at all is merely contingent...certainly not an issue of moral judgment. Nature doesn't enter into questions of "good" and "bad" all by itself.

In fact, this "nature," left to its own devices, will inevitably eventually wipe all life off this planet, then the Sun itself will burn out...and in the final analysis, the entire cosmos will be reduced to permanent equal distribution of energy through entropic Heat Death. And then the universe will be silent forever...

Where now is morality?
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Re: What could make morality objective?

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RCSaunders wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 6:30 pm
Peter Holmes wrote: Wed Apr 29, 2020 5:14 pm We await your demonstration that morality is objective ...
Anything dictated by any agency, God or man, is certainly not objective, but a mandate or imposed obligation, so certainly not anythig that could be discovered by any objective means.
Sorry to interrupt here, RC...just a minor point, but one that is causing some confusion.

To say that something "is objective" is not to imply that it can "be discovered by objective means." Those are two different uses of the word "objective," listed as 2 and 1 respectively, below, as per Webster's Dictionary.

objective: adjective

ob·​jec·​tive | \ əb-ˈjek-tiv , äb- \
Definition of objective (Entry 1 of 2)
1a : expressing or dealing with facts or conditions as perceived without distortion by personal feelings, prejudices, or interpretations
objective art

an objective history of the war
an objective judgment
b of a test : limited to choices of fixed alternatives and reducing subjective factors to a minimum
Each question on the objective test requires the selection of the correct answer from among several choices.
2a : of, relating to, or being an object, phenomenon, or condition in the realm of sensible experience independent of individual thought and perceptible by all observers : having reality independent of the mind
objective reality
… our reveries … are significantly and repeatedly shaped by our transactions with the objective world.
— Marvin Reznikoff
— compare SUBJECTIVE sense 3a
b : involving or deriving from sense perception or experience with actual objects, conditions, or phenomena
objective awareness
objective data
c of a symptom of disease : perceptible to persons other than the affected individual
objective arthritis
— compare SUBJECTIVE sense 4c
d : relating to or existing as an object of thought without consideration of independent existence —used chiefly in medieval philosophy


To illustrate the difference, we might say that when nobody in Europe had "objective means" to discover America, America still "objectively" was there -- the continents, I mean, not the country.

To say something IS objective is to say it exists independent of opinion. To say something is being "investigated objectively" is to say its nature is being investigated by impartial methods...not that it does, or does not, exist.

Therefore, it makes no sense to say that because morality is not investigated by objective methods (sense 1), we can conclude no objective (sense 2) morality exists.
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Re: What could make morality objective?

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Skepdick wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 6:36 pm
RCSaunders wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 6:30 pm
Peter Holmes wrote: Wed Apr 29, 2020 5:14 pm We await your demonstration that morality is objective ...
Anything dictated by any agency, God or man, is certainly not objective, but a mandate or imposed obligation, so certainly not anything that could be discovered by any objective means.
If there's a threat to your life and you try to avoid harm/injury/death - the objective demonstration is complete.
"... affective demonstration," of what? That a dictated commandment is objective?
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Re: What could make morality objective?

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Immanuel Can wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 7:03 pm
RCSaunders wrote: Thu Apr 30, 2020 6:30 pm
Peter Holmes wrote: Wed Apr 29, 2020 5:14 pm We await your demonstration that morality is objective ...
Anything dictated by any agency, God or man, is certainly not objective, but a mandate or imposed obligation, so certainly not anythig that could be discovered by any objective means.
Sorry to interrupt here, RC...just a minor point, but one that is causing some confusion.

To say that something "is objective" is not to imply that it can "be discovered by objective means." Those are two different uses of the word "objective," listed as 2 and 1 respectively, below, as per Webster's Dictionary.

objective: adjective

ob·​jec·​tive | \ əb-ˈjek-tiv , äb- \
Definition of objective (Entry 1 of 2)
1a : expressing or dealing with facts or conditions as perceived without distortion by personal feelings, prejudices, or interpretations
objective art

an objective history of the war
an objective judgment
b of a test : limited to choices of fixed alternatives and reducing subjective factors to a minimum
Each question on the objective test requires the selection of the correct answer from among several choices.
2a : of, relating to, or being an object, phenomenon, or condition in the realm of sensible experience independent of individual thought and perceptible by all observers : having reality independent of the mind
objective reality
… our reveries … are significantly and repeatedly shaped by our transactions with the objective world.
— Marvin Reznikoff
— compare SUBJECTIVE sense 3a
b : involving or deriving from sense perception or experience with actual objects, conditions, or phenomena
objective awareness
objective data
c of a symptom of disease : perceptible to persons other than the affected individual
objective arthritis
— compare SUBJECTIVE sense 4c
d : relating to or existing as an object of thought without consideration of independent existence —used chiefly in medieval philosophy


To illustrate the difference, we might say that when nobody in Europe had "objective means" to discover America, America still "objectively" was there -- the continents, I mean, not the country.

To say something IS objective is to say it exists independent of opinion. To say something is being "investigated objectively" is to say its nature is being investigated by impartial methods...not that it does, or does not, exist.

Therefore, it makes no sense to say that because morality is not investigated by objective methods (sense 1), we can conclude no objective (sense 2) morality exists.
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