vegetariantaxidermy wrote:And the 'fire and damnation' version of 'hell' is a mediaeval invention.
This is from the Myth of Er in Plato's Republic, written in about 380BCE.
"The answer of the other spirit was: 'He comes not hither and will never come. And this,' said he, 'was one of the dreadful sights which we ourselves witnessed. We were at the mouth of the cavern, and, having completed all our experiences, were about to reascend, when of a sudden Ardiaeus appeared and several others, most of whom were tyrants; and there were also besides the tyrants private individuals who had been great criminals: they were just, as they fancied, about to return into the upper world, but the mouth, instead of admitting them, gave a roar, whenever any of these incurable sinners or some one who had not been sufficiently punished tried to ascend; and then wild men of fiery aspect, who were standing by and heard the sound, seized and carried them off; and Ardiaeus and others they bound head and foot and hand, and threw them down and flayed them with scourges, and dragged them along the road at the side, carding them on thorns like wool, and declaring to the passers-by what were their crimes, and that they were being taken away to be cast into hell."
It's got all the ingredients: a subterranean punishment facility with demons, fire, bondage, flagellation. I guess that's some people's idea of a good night out, but Medieval philosophy was to a large extent concerned with making Christianity and Platonism compatible.