Philosophy Now Forum

God wrote:Conclusion
Indirect realism occupies a middle ground. It accepts the realist notion of an external reality but aligns with antirealist elements by asserting that our perception of this reality is indirect and mediated. Therefore, it cannot be neatly classified as purely philosophical realism or philosophical antirealism. Instead, it straddles both realms, acknowledging an independent external world while questioning our direct epistemic access to it. This duality makes it a unique position in the broader debate between realism and antirealism.

Veritas Aequitas wrote: ↑Wed Jun 12, 2024 5:44 am Indirect Realism is not Philosophical AntiRealism
viewtopic.php?t=42419

Veritas Aequitas wrote: ↑Mon Mar 02, 2020 11:01 am All Philosophies are Reducible to Realism vs Idealism
Realism [philosophical or metaphysical] is an ideology driven by an evolutionary default of a sense-of-externalness which insist reality and things exist absolutely independent of the human conditions, i.e. they exist regardless of whether there are humans or not.
Antirealismwhich emerged later opposes and rejects the ideology of realism[p].

Do you agree with the dichotomy below;

Despite the large number of philosophical schools and subtle nuances between many, all philosophies are said to fall into one of two primary categories, which are defined in contrast to each other: idealism and materialism.[a]

The basic proposition of these two categories pertains to the nature of reality—the primary distinction between them is the way they answer two fundamental questions: "what does reality consist of?" and "how does it originate?"

To idealists, spirit or mind or the objects of mind (ideas) are primary, and matter secondary.

To materialists, matter is primary, and mind or spirit or ideas are secondary—the product of matter acting upon matter.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialism#Overview

Note for Idealism [antirealism];
In philosophy, idealism is the diverse group of metaphysical philosophies which asserts that "reality" is in some way indistinguishable or inseparable from human understanding and/or perception; that it is in some sense mentally constituted, or otherwise closely connected to ideas.

• Types of Idealism
  2 Classical idealism
  • 2.1 Pre-Socratic philosophy
    2.2 Platonism and neoplatonism
  3 Christian philosophy
  4 Chinese philosophy
  5 Idealism in Vedic and Buddhist thought
  • 5.1 Indian philosophy
    5.2 Buddhist philosophy
  6 Subjective idealism
  7 Transcendental idealism
  8 Objective idealism
  • 8.1 Absolute idealism
    8.2 Actual idealism
    8.3 Pluralistic idealism

"Materialism" is Philosophical Materialism aka Philosophical Realism.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophical_realism
There are many perspectives to Philosophical realism but they are all reducible to its main principle as defined above.

The point here is whichever philosophical stance one take, it is reducible to either Realism [Philosophical] or Idealism [antirealism].

Thus to debate effectively one must be able to reduce one's "form" of philosophy to its "substance" else it would be mess to tangle with merely the varied "forms" and not dealing with its roots the substance.

Agree?

My preference in term of idealism is Kant's Transcendental Idealism which is also represented by Empirical Realism.

What about Pragmatism?
Pragmatism rejects mirroring reality therefore is anti-Philosophical Realism.
I believe pragmatism is a form of Idealism-in-general [like pragmatic idealism] in the sense that it is interdependent within the human conditions [i.e. not independent of it].
viewtopic.php?p=633590#p633590

Simon Blackburn - Realism vs. Anti-realism
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Y_NidtLVGo

Scientific Realism and Anti-Realism
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hQd44iXyDKM&t=113s

Gary Childress wrote: ↑Wed Jun 12, 2024 9:23 pm

Veritas Aequitas wrote: ↑Mon Mar 02, 2020 11:01 am
Realism [philosophical or metaphysical] is an ideology driven by an evolutionary default of a sense-of-externalness which insist reality and things exist absolutely independent of the human conditions, i.e. they exist regardless of whether there are humans or not.
Antirealismwhich emerged later opposes and rejects the ideology of realism[p].

"Materialism" is Philosophical Materialism aka Philosophical Realism.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophical_realism
There are many perspectives to Philosophical realism but they are all reducible to its main principle as defined above.

The point here is whichever philosophical stance one take, it is reducible to either Realism [Philosophical] or Idealism [antirealism].

My preference in term of idealism is Kant's Transcendental Idealism which is also represented by Empirical Realism.

Thus to debate effectively one must be able to reduce one's "form" of philosophy to its "substance" else it would be mess to tangle with merely the varied "forms" and not dealing with its roots the substance. Agree?

Are you suggesting that "realism" and "materialism" are equivalent? If so, then do you believe that all things are "material", and nothing is immaterial or "ideal"? Or are you suggesting that "materialism" can be expanded to include the ideal as well?

Maybe I'm not following your statement that "all philosophies are reducible to "realism" vs "idealism". Because you then seem to say that there is something called "anti-realism" and if that is true, then is your philosophy also reducible to "realism" vs "idealism"? Are you a "realist" or are you an "idealist"? Or is your philosophy NOT reducible to "realism" vs "idealism" and therefore not part of the category "all philosophies"?