I consider myself a reasonable expert on Kant.
Per Kant's Category Imperative[s] Kant will present the following absolute maxim;
- "No Abortion Shall be Permitted" period, no ifs nor buts.
But Kant's moral system does not propose that the Category Imperative be enforced on anyone at all nor should it be made into legislative laws which is political, i.e. not morality.
To Kant, the Category Imperative is merely
an ideal moral guide to enable further improvements.
On the ethical side [the applied] humans need to find strategies to strive towards the ideal and where necessary provide for exceptions.
In this case the moral absolute '
No Abortion Shall be Permitted is not compromisable, i.e. rigidly fixed [as a fixed goal post] but not enforceable.
The justification is, if abortion is permissible as a universal value, then the human species by reason could be jeopardy and face extinction.
But in reality, of all the 7 billion+ humans being human, it is inevitable that abortions will need to be done for unplanned births.
The main reasons for unplanned births are due to the lack of impulse controls by the majority of their sexual lusts without consideration for contraceptions methods.
With Kant moral absolute in contrast to reality in ethics, there will be a
moral gap, i.e. the number of abortions done in a year or period.
As such the efficiency of Kant's Category Imperative is the generation of a moral gap that can be objectively managed to reduce the gap to as close as possible to the ideal.
As present the majority of humans are like animals with uncontrollable lusts when it comes to the sex drive.
Therefore the focus on this issue should be focused on the 'lack of impulse control on one's sexual lusts.'
With the trend of the exponential expansion of knowledge and technology, especially in the neurosciences, I am confident humanity will be able to come up with strategies to inculcate a spontaneous modulation of one's sexual lust and will plan for children wisely while enjoying sex as much as needed.
While the moral rule on abortion is fixed, there are many other strategies to improve on the ethical abilities of each person within the brain and mind, e.g. improving one's empathy, compassion, conscience, and responsibility to humanity.
Kant's Category Imperative is not for enforcement but merely to use as a guide for continuous improvements in practical ethics.
As such there is still room for abortion based on medical necessity and other justifiable reasons but they need to be grounded on improved higher wisdom of the average person.
When one view Kant's Category Imperative one should not jump to the conclusion they are to be enforced through legislation or any other means. The Categorical Imperative is to be planted within the mind of each individual person as a guide for improvement.
In addition, we only expect to see results in Kant Moral and Ethical System in the future, provided we start implementing it now with all the necessary conditions at their least. What is essential is the improvement in the average mental capacity in all aspects of humanity.